The Berdan musket was introduced in 1869 for use in breech loading conversions. This cartridge was not officially used in the US, but the Berdan breech loading conversion system was used by Spain as well as by other European powers, notably Russia.

This is the same as CFR47(c) in Hoyem 2 p.41 by UMC.

This is the same as CFR47(b) in Hoyem 2 p.41 and has a slight neck.                                    This is a blank loading, in all probability by Winchester.