There were tentative and short-lived Austrian caliber reduction experiments done during the 1870’s but without great success. These appear similar to Roth case #44/3 but are tombak (Brass type alloy with high Cu content and between 5% - 20% Zn) instead of brass and...

This was a Winchester development contract for a design study of a multiple flechette rifle system from Frankford Arsenal during 1968. Winchester had already done in-house ballistic studies during 1962 with a 10mm case version based on modified 30-06 cases and used...

The latter part of the 19th Century was one of profound political change throughout Europe and it had a direct impact on military decision making. One must remember that it was an era before mass communication on the one hand and giant technological strides being made...

This was in all probability used for ballistic testing for the 9mm Kaltmann.                                    Bullet shown here at 400% view. The opaque sabot is fixed to...

    From an older IAA Forum post: - These are calibre reduction experimentals for a Remington breech-loading rifle proposed by a Danish designer whose correct name apparently is Adolph Keifler, but also written as “Koifler”, “Koiffler” and “Koeffler”....

    This was a Finnish development from the late 1990’s when a specialised unit from the Finnish Police called the Bear Gang (“Karhukopla”) contracted with Lapua for the development of a specialised carbine for short-range urban SWAT type use. The parameters...

This was part of a ballistic study done by France based on the 50 Browning case.    

This was the second long range sniper development after the 9 x 77mm did not meet the criteria set by H&K. These cartridges were also manufactured by MEN and were based on the 50 Browning case but ultimately the project did not meet the design standards and was...

This was the third and final case design (after the 9 x 77 and 9 x 90) before the project was cancelled in the mid 1990’s. It was developed for the German Police and Army as a long-range tactical sniper round with anti-material capabilities and was originally designed...

During the late 80’s, the German firm of Heckler & Koch started work on a long-range sniper rifle/cartridge. The design was based on a 9mm bullet of 22g (340 grain) and a muzzle velocity of 1,050 m/s (3,400 fps) from a semi-auto rifle. Initial work was done by...

This is a Russian variation of the .338 LAPUA, this one being necked up to 9mm, the other version is a 7,62mm (similiar to the 300 LAPUA MAGNUM). It was developed by TSNII TochMash supposedly around 2003 for the SP-14 (СП-14) heavy sniper rifle.     

This was a French experimental cartridge in the period between the 1st and 2nd World Wars. The French experimented with various infantry and anti-aircraft designs ranging from 9 – 14mm. During the 1930’s they developed a 9mm cartridge as an anti-tank, anti-personnel,...

This is believed to be one of the calibre reduction experiments carried out by Swiss Professor Friedrich Wilhelm Hebler (1844-1932) who was a mechanical engineer from Bern, Switzerland but spent most of his time in Austria. In collaboration with Karel Krnka, he...

This was a British designed aiming device for the multi-use Shoulder Mounted Attack Weapon (SMAW) that was fired from a specialised spotting rifle positioned to the side of the rocket launcher. A standard 7.62 NATO case was used that was necked up to 9mm with a...

The 9x41 Lahti was a final development by Amio Lahti during the late 1950’s after he had already retired from the VKT (Valtion Kivääritehdas = State Rifle Factory). During 1943 there were serious issues between him and the VKT management. The Finnish Army Ordnance...

The 9x40 Lilja was developed by Erkki Lilja, who was a close colleague of Amio Lahti. He did his own research and development of an assault-rifle type weapon during 1943 and built his own prototype at VKT (Valtion Kivääritehdas = State Rifle Factory), the same place...

This was one of various assault rifle experimentals based on the 7.62 NATO by the French Direction des Études et Fabrications d’Armament (D.E.F.A) during the late 1950’s.            

During the Cold War years, Russian Special Forces were looking at a weapons system that could be used as a sub-sonic round but they were also looking for something that gave better armour penetrating abilities than the existing 7.62x39’s that they were using for...

During 1943 the Finnish authorities began showing a passing interest in an assault rifle/SMG concept like the 7.92 Kurz. They however did not have either the time nor the inclination to start the development of a whole new assault rifle/cartridge concept smack bang in...

Training cartridge for the 112mm APILAS (Armor-Piercing Infantry Light Arm System) that was developed by GIAT during the late 1970’s as a response to a request for proposals from the French armed forces for a new recoilless infantry anti-tank weapon. The 112mm APILAS...

There is currently not much known about this cartridge other that it was based on a shortened 7.5 × 54 MAS Mle 1929 case and was developed in the period right after WW2. The design was by the French Service Technique de l'Armement from a design sketch dated October...

This cartridge is a spotting cartridge/trainer for the Instalaza C90-CR (M3) 90mm shoulder mounted rocket-propelled grenade launcher and was developed during the 1980’s. It is produced by Instalaza SA, Spain. Apart from the Spanish Army, Marines, Air Force and Guardia...

Designed during the 1970’s by HJ Kaltmann as an expellable cartridge. The addition of the brass case was used during testing for proper functioning of the case and initially used 5,56 NATO cases that were cut down and later versions using 9mm Parabellum cases,...

This is called the Czechoslovakian “9 mm cylindrical cartridge” or 9 mm ostrych naboju - valcovych made for the experimental ZB 47 SMG made by Zbrojovka Brno. The ZB-47, also known as the Samopal 47, was designed by Václav Holek in two variations. Ten guns were...

It can be argued that this cartridge is nothing more than a longer case length 9mm Parabellum training blank used with a specially constricted barrel and deeper chamber preventing accidentaly firing live rounds as a live round would settle too far forward in the...

The original MARS (Mini Assault Rifle System) was based on a 5,56x30 round. The project started in 1997 when Colt was approached by Michael Harris of Special Analytical Services (SAS) with a concept of a mini-assault rifle that would have the purpose of being a...

This was a Fiocchi development during the 1980’s and was used in the Benelli CB M2 semi auto carbine. It is not a caseless cartridge, but a self-contained round as the powder is loaded inside the case with the “primer” located in a chamber the entire circumference of...